Virginia's animals and the ground they live on, from the Atlantic to the Appalachians.

5,729 ft
Coastal plain Blue Ridge Plateau
A layered ridge line in mist, flat light, wide

5,729 feet
to sea level

Five physiographic provinces in about four hundred miles. This site reads the state as a descent — spruce on Mount Rogers at the top, sand and peat at the bottom, and a different set of animals at every stage.

1973 · 2007 · 2009

Ridge behind ridge, and every line a different air temperature. Elevation is what sorts the animals in this state.

Close-up of a brook trout's speckled flank and marbled dorsal fin underwater
Cold Water

The only native trout here, and it needs cold

Brook trout are the state's native salmonid and they are limited by summer water temperature, which makes them a thermometer for a whole watershed.

Read it

The descent, and what changes on the way down

5,729 → 0 ft
5,729 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 300 0
Feet above
sea level
5,729 ft

Spruce and fir, at the latitude of Tennessee

Above five thousand feet the Blue Ridge keeps a boreal forest that belongs several hundred miles north, and it has nowhere further up to go.

3,500 ft

A park assembled out of worn-out farms

Shenandoah was bought up through the early 1930s and established in 1935. Nobody planted the forest that came back; the road came first and the trees closed in around it.

300 ft

Below three hundred feet the state stops being mountains and becomes water with land in it. The peat starts here, and so does the argument about whether to keep it wet.

Peat that burns underground

0 ft

Sand, shell and black water

Three dates the rest of this site hangs from

1973 · 2007 · 2009
1973

A woodpecker that requires fire to keep its habitat

The Endangered Species Act is the frame every later date on this page sits inside. This is the bird whose listing turned into a burning programme.

2007

Delisted in 2007 after a chemical was banned

The bald eagle came off the federal list. The Chesapeake now holds one of the densest populations anywhere.

2009

A fungus arrived around 2009 and bats have not recovered

Recovery is the better-known half of the record. It is not the whole of it.

Where all of this actually is

Eight places

Two clusters carry the site: the far southwest, where the Blue Ridge is high enough for spruce, and the coast, where the state runs out into sand and peat.

Numbered pins are clickable

Eight sections, twenty-two pieces. The whole roster is laid out properly on one page.

The archive